ASTM D4970 Test Method for Fabric Pilling Resistance Pilling is the little bits of fiber that gather together like a ball on top of your fabric, which affect appearance of the textile products. Pilling is fibre entanglement creating little balls of the fibres and has nothing to do with abrasion where fabric gets worn down. Pilling is caused by friction during wear, laundering and the characteristics of fabric itself. For example, taking clothes inside-out before washing can prevent some pilling. Pilling can sometimes be maintained or removed with a shaver while abrasion causes permanent harm (holes and tears). Genenrally, synthetics tend to pill more than natural fibers because their longer length and greater durability cause easy form of pills; on the other hand they are also less prone to be pulled out of shape.STM D4970 is an well-accepted standard for measuring the pilling resistance of textile fabrics using Martindale machine.  Overview of ASTM D4970 This test method covers the determination of the resis-tance to the formation of pills and other related surface changeson textile fabrics using the Martindale tester.The proceduregenerally is applicable to all types of fabrics, being particularlysuitable for woven fabrics. NoTE l—For other methods,if testing the pilling resistance of textilos,refer to Test Mcthods D 3511.D 3512,and D 3514. This test method is not suitable for fabrics thicker than3 mm (0.125 in.) because such fabrics cannot be mounted inthe specimen holder.  The fabric may be laundlered or dry cleaned beforetesting. The walues stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are provided forinformation only. Thris stcariderd does not purport to address all of thesafery concers,if avry, associated with its use. Ir is rheresponsibilisy of rhe uaser of this standard ro estcblish appro-priate safery and health practices and deternie the applica-biliry of vegulatory liirations prior to use. About Martindale Pilling Tester The martindale pilling tester is used to determine the pilling resistance of all kinds of textile structures.  The upgraded Martindale abrasion and pilling tester features several improvements. It is driven by a dual servo system, which enhances its performance and accuracy. The tester generates a standard Lissajous figure motion trajectory. Test Procedure 1 All tests shall be conducted under standard environmental conditions. 2 Place a standard 140mm diameter wool felt disc and a fabric test specimen onto each operating platform. Position a circular foam disc measuring 38mm in diameter and 3mm in thickness, along with a specimen of identical dimensions, within the specimen holder, ensuring both specimens face outward. 3. Position the specimen holders on platforms containing identical fabric samples. Insert rods into each specimen holder to apply 3 kPa pressure to the 140 mm diameter specimens. This pressure is consistent with other tests and requires no additional...

Welcome to Our Pakistani Clients During this visit, we specially arranged for our clients to tour our modern factory. Equipped with advanced production facilities from both domestic and international sources, our factory implements a rigorous quality management system to ensure every product meets international standards. The Shoe Peeling Strength Tester GT-KC41B particularly captured the clients' interest during the tour. GESTER Shoe Peeling Strength Tester GT-KC41B particularly captured the clients' interest. It is employed to determine the bond strength between the sole and upper at the toe and heel areas of the last-moulded edge of finished footwear. The method is primarily applicable to stuck-on or moulded-on constructions featuring an extended sole edge. This equipment is highly favoured for the reliability of its test results, earning considerable acclaim from clients. Clients expressed significant interest in the high-performance characteristics of the Digital Pneumatic Stiffness Tester GT-C70B. This Digital Pneumatic Stiffness Tester is employed to determine fabric stiffness using the ASTM circular bend test method. This test method is generally applicable to all types of fabrics, including woven, knitted and nonwovens, of any fibre content. Ankle Protection Materials Shock Absorption Capacity Tester GT-KB16 has garnered high praise from customers. The Safety Shoes Ankle Protection Buffer Tester is used for determining the shock absorption capacity of ankle protection materials incorporated into the upper. During this visit, both parties engaged in in-depth discussions not only on product and technical aspects but also shared insights into their respective national cultures and market trends. The Pakistani client expressed strong recognition of GESTER testing equipment and explored strategies for better integrating these solutions into the international market.

DIN 53516 DIN Abrasion Tester: Guide to Avoiding Pitfalls When Choosing Shoes The abrasion resistance of shoe soles is one of the most important indicators for evaluating the quality of footwear products. For manufacturers and brand owners, ensuring that soles have excellent wear resistance and extended service life has become a crucial aspect of production and quality control. The Core Significance of Sole Abrasion Resistance Abrasion resistance is one of the key performance indicators for sports shoe soles, directly influencing both user experience and product lifespan. During activities such as running and jumping, soles endure varying degrees of friction and wear. If the soles lack sufficient abrasion resistance, issues like cracking, peeling, or delamination may occur, which can lead to safety hazards and consumer complaints. Good abrasion resistance not only ensures the structural stability of the sole but also helps absorb impact effectively, protecting foot health. As a vital part of reliability testing, abrasion testing helps manufacturers identify potential risks early, improve overall product quality, reduce rework and after-sales issues, and build a positive brand reputation. What is DIN 53516? DIN 53516 is a German industrial standard established by the Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN), the German Institute for Standardization. This standard specifically defines a method for testing the abrasion resistance of rubber materials. It provides a precise and consistent methodology to evaluate the wear properties of rubber and elastomeric materials, ensuring uniformity and comparability across different batches and manufacturers. Why Choose DIN 53516 as the Abrasion Standard for Sports Shoe Soles DIN 53516 is a wear resistance testing specification for rubber soles developed by the German Industrial Standards Organization. Its testing method simulates the frictional conditions experienced by soles during real-life use, effectively assessing the material’s resistance to wear. Compared with other abrasion testing standards, DIN 53516 offers higher accuracy and repeatability, providing a more realistic representation of how sole materials perform under various environmental conditions. Purpose and Scope The main purpose of DIN 53516 is to establish a standardized procedure for testing the abrasion resistance of rubber compounds. It applies to various types of rubber and elastomeric materials used in production, ensuring their suitability and durability for specific applications. How to select the appropriate instrument? Select an instrument that complies with the DIN 53516 standard. GESTER DIN Abrasion tester GT-KB03 is used to determine wear performance test of materials like elastic material, rubber, tires, conveyor belts, conveyor belts, shoe soles. Standards of DIN Abrasion tester: DIN-53516, JIS-K6369, JIS K6264-2,GB/T 20991 section 8.3, GB/T 20265, GB20266-2006, GB/T 9867, EN ISO 20344-2021 section 8.3, AS/NZS 2210.2 section 8.3, ISO...

How to Test the Water Resistance of Fabrics? Concepts of Water Resistance and Waterproofing Water Resistance – As commonly referred to in the industry, this term is actually a simplified form of “water-repellent.” The typical process involves adding a hydrophobic compound additive into the liquid tank at the entry of the finishing machine. The fabric is then passed through the tank for padding and drying, allowing the hydrophobic compound to deposit on the fiber surface, thereby achieving water-repellent performance. Waterproofing – True waterproof fabrics are superior to water-repellent ones in terms of durability and protection. They possess more stable physical and chemical properties, generally resisting washing and long-term use. The real goal of waterproofing is to form an impermeable barrier on one side of the fabric, ensuring a high level of hydrostatic resistance—typically 3000 mm or higher. To evaluate fabric waterproofing performance, industry-standard testing methods include hydrostatic pressure testing, spray rating testing, and rain testing. Fabric Waterproof Testing 1. Hydrostatic Head Tester for Textile GT-C26A Digital Hydrostatic Head Tester is used to testing the waterproof properties of fabrics through waterproofing work such as canvas, coated fabrics, hood fabric, tarpaulin, rain-proof fabrics and geotextile. Standards of Hydrostatic Head Tester for Textile AATCC 127 Option 2, ISO 811, ISO 1420, GB/T 4744, GB/T 9082, FZT 01004 , DIN 53886 , EN 20811, EN 13726-3, EN 1734, BS 2823, WSP 80.6, JIS L1092-7.1.1 Method A 2 Spray Rating Tester For Protective Clothing GT-C31 Spray Rating Tester can performs a shower test to determine the resistance of fabric to surface wetting by water. Spraying quantitative distilled water on the specimen (at a 45 degree angle and 150 mm below) with standard nozzle. Then contrast and evaluate the specimen surface with the standard cards. Standards of Spray Rating Tester For Protective Clothing AATCC 22, ISO 4920 3. Rain Test Chamber GT-F60 This Rain Test Chamber can simulate the water leakage in various environment. It is applicable to test the function of electronic products and automobile parts subjected to the droplets, indirect wind and rain or spray. Standards of Rain Test Chamber GB 4208, GB10485, GB4942, GB/T 2423.38, GB/T 2424.23, JIS D0203

What Tests are Carried out on EN 407 Heat Resistant Gloves? EN 407 is a European standard specifically regulating the flame-retardant and heat-insulating properties of protective gloves. This standard applies to gloves used in environments involving high temperatures, flames, or thermal radiation, ensuring they effectively protect users from thermal injury. Scope of Application for Flame-Retardant and Heat-Insulating Gloves EN 407 Applicable to protective gloves and other hand protection equipment, including arm protection, intended for use by professionals and non-professionals. These provide protection against one or more forms of thermal injury, including flame, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, minor splashes of molten metal, or significant splashes of molten metal. Excludes gloves for firefighting and welding operations. What tests are carried out on EN 407 heat resistant gloves? Limited flame spread The first test a work glove should be subjected to is flammability resistance. Exposed to fire and in contact with an open flame for at least 15 seconds, how long will it take the glove to stop burning? It is this time period that will determine the performance level of the protective glove, on a scale of 0 to 4; below 3, the glove’s performance is not sufficient to claim high levels of protection for the other tests. GT-C35B Vertical Combustibility Tester This combustibility tester to determine the flammability resistance of vertically oriented fabrics and soft fabric toys. 1. Contact heat resistance test En contact avec When  in contact with a heat source between 100 and 500°C, at what temperature does the glove’s internal temperature increase by 10°C during the first 15 seconds? A glove with a level 2 rating guarantees perfect resistance to contact heat up to 250°C. GT-C101 Heat Contact Machine This test instrument applies to testing welders gloves resistance contact heat performance (for hand & wrist protection) in welding and related works process. 2. Convective Heat Resistance Test This convective heat resistance test measures the time (in seconds) that heat is transferred from a flame to the inside of the glove. The longer the protective glove is able to delay the transfer of heat from the outside to the inside of the glove, the higher its resistance level. The highest level is level 4. GT-C95 Heat Transmission Resistance Test Device To determine the heat transmission performance of textiles, fire-fighting supplies and other materials. Put sample on the a certain amount of heat flux fire source, test the time of temperature increasing specified value (△t=24℃) by calorimeter sample’s back. And refer it as index of judging heat conduction property. 3. Radiant Heat Resistance Test This is the exposure to heat by emission of heat rays. This test will measure the time required for the test sample to increase in temperature by 24°C inside the glove. This resistance is measured in levels from 1 to 4, the latter being the high...

GESTER Showcases Advanced Footwear Testing Equipment at SIMAC TANNING TECH 2025 On September 23, the International Exhibition of Machines and Technologies for the Footwear, Leather Goods, and Tanning Industry (SIMAC TANNING TECH 2025) commenced at the Fiera Milano Rho in Milan, Italy. Simac Tanning Tech is the reference event for the sector of machinery and technology for the footwear, leather goods and tanning industries. At the exhibition, GESTER showcased a range of footwear material testing equipment. Products on Display Whole Shoes Flexing Tester GT-KA01-2 The whole shoes flexing tester is used to test finished shoes, like sports shoes, casual shoes, work shoes etc. Our Shoe Flexing Testing Machine Equipped with acrylic protective cover, which ensures safe operation and low noise. Heel fixture using linear slide for smooth movement with little resistance. Martindale Abrasion and Pilling Tester GT-C13B The martindale abrasion and pilling tester is used to determine the abrasion and pilling resistance of all kinds of textile structures. Instead of the structure supported by steel balls, new and upgraded design avoids the risk of uneven cover plate caused by ball wear. The cover plate can be folded and turned up to facilitate sample loading and test results. Environmental Chamber Temperature and Humidity Test Chamber GT-C52 Temperature Humidity Chamber for conditioning of samples prior to testing. It also can be used for a variety of materials of high - low temperature alternating test. The test temperature, humidity and time can be programmed. It features a user-friendly touch screen interface and a precise programmable controller. Universal Tensile Strength Tester (Dual Column) GT-C01-1 GESTER Universal Tensile Strength Tester provide many kinds of user-friendly automated modes. Adopt AC PANASONIC AC servo drive system, Taiwan SESAME gear reducer, synchronous pulley, TBI precision ball screw components make instrument beam move stable with low noise & high precision of extension. IULTCS & Veslic Leather Abrasion Tester GT-KC01-1 This IULTCS & Veslic Leather Abrasion Tester is used for color fastness testing of leather, plastic and textile. Rubbing Fastness Tester can be used for dry abrasion testing and wet abrasion test. BALLY Water Penetration Tester GT-KC06 This BALLY Water Penetration Tester is used for determining the resistance of leather, artificial leather, fabric and so on footwear upper material to water penetration on flexing, in order to assess the suitability for the end use. During the exhibition, the GESTER booth welcomed numerous visitors from around the world. They expressed keen interest in testing methods for shoe materials' impact resistance, flex resistance, colorfastness, and abrasion resistance. Our footwear testing equipment serves as an effective solution for enhancing shoe product quality. Through on-site demonstrations and video presentations, we showcased the technical advantages of GESTER footwear test...

GESTER Concludes a Highly Successful Exhibition at CAITME 2025 The 16th Central Asian International Textile Machinery Exhibition (CAITME 2025) was held from September 9 to 11 at the Uzexpocentre NEC in Tashkent. GESTER showcased textile testing equipment, including the Martindale Abrasion and Pilling Tester GT-C13B, Color Assessment Cabinet GT-D08, and Hydrostatic Head Tester GT-C26A. At the exhibition, a steady stream of clients visited the GESTER booth for product consultations. Among them, the newly upgraded Martindale Abrasion and Pilling Tester GT-C13B received consistent praise from international customers. Instead of the structure supported by steel balls, the new and upgraded design avoids the risk of uneven cover plate caused by ball wear. The cover plate can be folded and turned up to facilitate sample loading and test results. Many customers expressed that the GT-C13B Martindale Abrasion and Pilling Tester precisely matched the ideal product they had been seeking. Other GESTER products, such as the Color Assessment Cabinet GT-D08, Hydrostatic Head Tester GT-C26A, and Electronic Crockmeter GT-D04, also attracted significant attention. The GESTER Color Assessment Cabinet GT-D08 renders colors with greater accuracy. Equipped with six distinct light sources (D65, TL84, CWF, F, UV, U30), it effectively detects metamerism. Operation is simplified through individual switches for each light source. Digital Hydrostatic Head Tester is used to testing the waterproof properties of fabrics through waterproofing work such as canvas, coated fabrics, hood fabric, tarpaulin, rain-proof fabrics and geotextile. It features an internally installed water tank design and an original water pressure balance system, ensuring a stable and precise rate of rise. The Electronic Crockmeter GT-D04 evaluates textile colorfastness to dry or wet rubbing. Its pinned acrylic sample holder enables rapid sample mounting and consistent results. Temperature Humidity Test Chamber GT-C52 is for conditioning of samples prior to testing. It also can be used for a variety of materials of high - low temperature alternating test. The test temperature, humidity, time can be programmed. Provides conditions of temperature form -40degree to +150degree and of humidity form 20% to 98%. Temperature and Humidity Climatic Test Chamber: High quality appearance, Matte Line processing on the surface, and embedded and non-counteractive handle, easy operation, safe and reliable. The exhibition provided an excellent platform for GESTER to expand its market presence. Moving forward, GESTER will continue to committed to our customer-centric philosophy, delivering superior products and services to clients worldwide.

GESTER Showcases Range of Leather Testing Equipment at ACLE 2025 The All China Leather Exhibition (ACLE) 2025 concluded successfully in Shanghai on September 5. At this premier gathering of global leather industry leaders, GESTER not only strengthened its close ties with existing clients but also attracted numerous new domestic and international customers and partners to engage in discussions to jointly explore the future development of the leather sector. About GESTER Since our foundation, we have been focused on the research and development of physical testing instruments. As a result, our products are compliant with ISO, ASTM, DIN, EN, BS, GB, JIS, ANSI, UL, TAPPI, AATCC, IEC, VDE, CSA as well as other standards. The business team provides tailored solutions to address diverse client requirements, including leather abrasion resistance, colour fastness, flexing resistance and waterproof performance. The exhibition stand continues to attract a high number of visitors. During the Exhibition GESTER's professional team received significant attention throughout the event. Addressing diverse client inquiries regarding the operational principles of leather testing machines, product advantages, operational procedures, and applications, our team provided patient, meticulous, and expert responses. This facilitated a deeper understanding of our equipment, enhanced industry awareness, and clarified client requirements for selecting suitable solutions. Numerous attendees remarked that discussions with our consultants yielded fresh and clear and valuable insights into leather testing apparatus. Looking Forward Though the exhibition has concluded, GESTER's journey continues continues without slowing down. Moving forward, we remain steadfast in our commitment to ‘customer-centricity and service excellence,’ continuously enhancing innovation and R&D to deliver comprehensive lifecycle services—from requirement analysis and product customisation to after-sales support. We look forward to collaborating with more industry partners to explore innovative solutions for leather testing equipment and accelerate the sector's advancement toward greater efficiency, lower carbon footprints, and sustainability. Next Exhibition: SIMAC TANNING TECH Dates: 23–25 September 2025 GESTER Booth: Hall 10, H13 Venue: Fiera Milano, Milan, Italy Machinery on Display GT-C01-1A Universal Tensile Strength Tester  GT-KC01-1 IULTCS & Veslic Leather Abrasion Tester GT-KC06A BALLY Water Penetration Tester GT-C13B-4 Martindale Abrasion and Pilling Machine  GT-KA01-2A Whole Shoes Flexing Tester  GT-C52 Programmable Temperature & Humidity Test Chamber We look forward to welcoming you to SIMAC TANNING TECH.