Definition and scope In 16 CFR part 1610, the definitions applicable to this standard are specified in detail, such as statutes, rules and regulations, standards, garment exposed parts, coated fabrics, flat textile fabrics, suede textile fabrics, etc. This standard applies to all fabrics made of natural or synthetic fibers that have undergone some sort of finishing or unfinishing, as well as garments made from these fabrics. Not suitable for hats, gloves, shoes and socks, and lining fabrics. Product classification According to the test results, the flammability test for fabric is divided into three grades: Level 1 is general flammability; Level 2 is medium flammability; Level 3 is rapid and intense combustion, and the performance indexes for each level are specified. Combustion performance requirements Specific test methods and combustion performance requirements are specified in this standard. fabric flammability test performance is divided into three levels, and specific indicators are specified according to the type of product. It is clearly indicated that level: Level 1 applies to clothing; Level 2 is only for suede textiles and also for clothing; Level 3 cannot be used to make clothing and is prohibited from being imported into the United States. Notes: Before selling products, manufacturers, wholesalers, importers and retailers need to evaluate the flammability of clothing fabrics to ensure that the clothing meets the requirements. The test results of a few textile products may change, that is to say, in one test the flammability of level 1 or 2 products, in another test the flammability of level 3; The sample quantity shall be ensured to meet the requirements of the test to fully ensure that such textile products meet the standard requirements. The main instruments is: 45 Degree Automatic Flammability Tester

Date: August 9, 2019 Last Friday, we were pleased to receive a client from India, who is interesting in GESTER Footwear Testing Equipments, especially for sole tester. In the company of GESTER leader, the customer visited our factory and had a friendly communication. During this time, we also show some top topic items for customer. With strong technical strength, quality product quality, and perfect service system, we have gained recognition from many customers around the world. Sincerely welcome friends from all walks of life to visit, communicate and negotiate with us, we will be pleased a lot to offer you with professional solution.

Folding resistance is one of the basic mechanical properties of paper, which is used to indicate the ability of paper to resist reciprocating folding. The folding resistance of the paper is the number of folds required to measure the stretch of the paper after being stretched by a certain force and then folded back and forth until the paper breaks.It is expressed in number of times, the unit is double fold.According to the longitudinal cutting, the test result is the longitudinal folding resistance; according to the transverse cutting, the test result is the transverse folding resistance. Generally, the longitudinal folding resistance is higher than the transverse folding resistance, which is due to the arrangement of the fibers and the high bonding strength of longitudinal fibers. Folding resistance is one of the important indicators of the mechanical strength of paper and paperboard. The folding resistance is very meaningful for reflecting the performance of the paper bag and the carton lining paper. Any paper that needs to be folded frequently when used generally has strict requirements on the folding resistance. GESTER's MIT Folding Endurance Tester is used to determining the folding resistance of paper. MIT Type Paper Folding Endurance Tester GT-N16 conforms to the standards ISO 5626, GB/T 2679.5, QB/T 1049 and is apply to the measurement of paper and other sheet materials with thickness less than 1 mm.With data processing function, Folding Endurance Test For Paper can directly output statistical result data. easy to operate, easy to adjust, and  stable performance.

In summer, People is easily sweating. And will appear the embarrassing situation which cause of the clothes was fading because of perspiration.The composition of human sweat is complex.The main component is salt.Sweat is acidic and alkaline due to difference of people. On the one hand. The clothes which unqualified color fastness seriously affects beautiful.Effect wearing. On the other hand. The dye which on clothes will be transfer from textile to human body through perspiration.Dye molecules and heavy metal ions maybe absorb by human through skin. Harm to human health. Therefore, It is necessary that to test the perspiration color fastness of fabric. Perspiration Fastness Tester is widely apply to test the fabric color fastness against sweat,sea water,saliva,water. Combine the sample with the specified lining fabric.After treatment with the test solution. Remove the test solution and sandwiched in the middle of the sample plate. Pressing for a certain time with the specified pressure.Check the color change of sample and fabrics which after drying separately. The current perspiration test method include:GB/T 3922-2013、ISO 105-E04-2013、AATCC 15-2013、BS EN ISO 105-E04-2009、QB/T 2924-2007. Testing Equipment:GT-D09 AATCC Perspiration Tester which match with GT-D10 Drying Oven.

The abrasion of the fabric refers to the phenomenon that the fabric is repeatedly rubbed between the fabrics or with other materials, and the fabric is gradually worn and damaged. The test principle of the abrasion resistance of the textile refers to the ability of the textile to resist abrasion under the action of repeated friction of mechanical force. During the use of the fabric, the fabric will be subjected to various external factors, especially the friction of the objects that are in contact with the surrounding objects, causing the fabric to be worn or damaged to varying degrees, affecting the performance of the fabric. Testing the abrasion resistance of the fabric can improve the utilization efficiency of the textile and is an important indicator of the quality of the textile product. The abrasion resistance test of textiles is to cause the abrasion and wear phenomenon of textiles under repeated mechanical friction to be mainly damaged, lightened, faded, pilling and so on. Textiles for different purposes have different requirements for wear resistance, and the methods of detection are different. There are many kinds of test methods for wear resistance, such as flat grinding, curved grinding, turning grinding, etc. There are two main methods commonly used: Martindale flat grinding method and Taber wear method. 一.Martindale flat grinding method (1) Test equipment: There are many types of fabric flat grinding instruments. At present, the most used in the testing industry is the Martindale Abrasion Tester. Therefore, the flat grinding method is often called the Martindale wear-resistant method. (2) Test principle: a circular sample installed in the sample holder of the Martindale Abrasion Tester, under the specified load, with the plane motion of the Lissajous pattern and the abrasive (ie standard fabric) Friction, the specimen holder is free to rotate about its axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The wear resistance of the fabric is determined based on the total number of times the sample is broken. (3) Martindale Test method: During the test, a certain size of the test sample is brought into contact with the standard abrasive under the specified pressure, and the sample is moved relative to the abrasive by the Lisharu trajectory, so that the test sample is uniformly worn in multiple directions. 二、Taber wear method: (1) Test equipment: Taber abrasion testing machine (2) Test principle: pre-grinding 25 turns, the test sample is placed on the horizontal platform of the TABER wear tester, and the two grinding wheels are given a specific pressure pressure on the test piece. The axis of the grinding wheel is horizontal and horizontal. Parallel, one grinding wheel faces outward and the other faces inward, recording all changes of the test piece within a certain period of time. (3) Taber Wear Test method: A sample having an outer diameter of 108 mm and an inner diameter of 8 mm was cut with a cutter. Then attach a hard sticker of the s...

45 Degree Automatic Flammability Tester is mainly used in garment fabric tent fabric, such as decorative fabric flame retardant performance measurement is composed of control system and combustion chamber, the sample is installed in the combustion chamber sample rack, the tilt Angle of 45 fire mouth close to the sample, with the flame returned sample stipulated time, observation sample combustion condition and speed of the spread of flame on the sample, evaluation of ignition and flame spreading performance of the sample. 45 Degree Flammability Tester Testing principle: 1. Combustion intensity and speed test Under specified conditions, the sample is placed at an Angle of 45 degrees, the sample is ignited for 1s, and the time required for the sample to burn upward with flame for a certain distance is used as a measure to evaluate the intensity of the textile combustion. The fabric with surface flapping is used as an additional indicator for the intensity of combustion. 2.Damage area and length test Under the specified test conditions, the textile samples were ignited in the direction of 45 degrees, and the after burning and smoldering time, damage area and damage length of the fabric after combustion were measured. 3.Times of touch with flame test Under the specified test conditions, the textile samples were ignited in the direction of 45 degrees, and the number of times of touch with flame was measured when the fabric was burned 90mm from the lower end of the sample. GESTER 45 Degree Flammability Tester Operational program: 1.Take a sample holder that has been installed from the dryer, place it on the sample rack in the test instrument, pass the sign line through the guide wire hook of the sample rack plate, and then hang a hammer on the sign line just below the guide wire ring to make it taut. 2.The door is shut off test set the timer to zero, press start button, the timer start time, that the flame is in contact with the specimen surface 1 s when the flame burning to hang on the top of the marker of sample, the heavy hammer falling due to line was burn out, the timer stop timing, accurate records chronograph is shown in the burning time of the specimen to light out of the dryer time should not exceed 45 s. 3. During the test, the combustion condition of the sample should be observed. If the combustion is not complete, then should be observed if there is any sign of carbonization or melting on the back of the sample or not.

It needs for twisting when you spinning short fibers into continuous yarns.They keep the aggregate force when they stay together, then gives the strength of yarn. Filament in composite filaments also requires mild twisting. It will be dislodged or scratched in use if they are not tied together. In addition, according to various kinds of applications, plurality of single yarns can be combined and twisted to become plied yarns and cables, to make them keep uniform and stable for sustaining higher load. When at least two yarns twist with different speeds and tensions, or twist with different colors or fancy yarns, they can form fancy yarns. Twisting is a method of bringing bundle fiber, filament yarn, and single yarns together. It can help textile bears force, change and rub in production and in use. And gives textile fresh appearance. 1.Concept of Twist As well as affecting the tensile performance of the yarn, the twist also will affects the diameter, specific volume, softness and stiffness of yarns, affecting the covering performance, heat retention, crease recovery, dyeing rate and permeability of the textile. It also affects the hairiness of the yarn surface. Twist is an important indicator of the structural characteristics of the yarn. In addition to the twist and twist multiplier can be expressed, the twisting direction of the yarn is also important. It  refers to the tilting direction of the yarn when adds twist. There are two types of twist: S-plied(twist to the left) and Z-plied(twist to the right). Most manufactured single yarns are spun with a Z twist.To ply these Z-plied together, they are twist with an S twist to give a balanced plied yarn. 2.Methods of Twist Testing There are 2 commonly testing methods: direct counting method, Untwist-retwist method. The short fibers and plied yarns commonly use the direct counting method, while the spun yarns use Untwist-retwist method. Besides, they are Double untwist-retwist method, Double untwist-retwist method and Sliding method. (1.)Direct counting Fixed the one side of sample,another one at one rotating direction of untwisting.When the fibers in the yarn are completely parallel, and the degree of retraction is the number of turns of the length on this sample. The direct counting method is the basic method. The measurement results are relatively accurate and often used as a criterion for assessing the accuracy of other methods.However, this method is inefficient in operation. If the fibers in the yarn are kinked, the fibers can not easy to become parallel, and the fibers are easy to broken. The direct counting method is generally used to count the number of rovings or plied yarns. For spun yarn, it can be carried out by black and white yarn number method. It means that a black roving and a white roving are used to feed the same yarn to spun the black and white yarn. With the increase of remove twist, the distance will become larger between the black and white on the yarn, and easy to manuall...

Leather tear strength tester is suitable for testing tear strength of all kinds of dermis and synthetic leather materials. It is used to test tear strength of dermis and synthetic leather under external force. Testing machine: Dual column universal testing machine GT-K01 Test steps: 1.Samples were parked in laboratory environment for more than 8 hours. 2.Cutting 3 or more samples with a cutter at least 150 mm above the material edge in the longitudinal and latitudinal directions of the sample, respectively. 3.The two ends of the sample are respectively clamped on the upper and lower fixtures of the tensile tester，attention should be paid when clamping：To make the sample expose the part of the upper fixture and the part of the lower fixture, keep the same. To keep the clamped sample in a vertical state, do not tilt to one side，set the speed of the tensile tester to 200 mm/min. 4.Start the test key of the tensile tester and start the test. When the tension machine tears the sample completely, record the maximum tension value of the tension machine. 5.Each sample is tested at least three times, and the average is taken as the final result. Result judgement: 1.If all of the three values are qualified, the average of the three values is taken as the final result. 2.If one of the three values is unqualified, two more samples should be cut for reexamination. If there is no more unqualified in reexamination, it will be judged as unqualified, and the final result will be the average of the unqualified values of the initial and reexamination. If there is no nonconformity in the reexamination, the final result is the average of all values. 3.If two or more of the three values are unqualified, they are judged to be unqualified and the average of the unqualified values is taken as the final result. Matters needing attention: If the results of several tests are quite different (more than 30%), it is necessary to redesign the samples for testing.